Are Form 8655 Magnetic 2024

Explain the atomic origin of magnetism. We know that certain materials behave like a magnet without any influence of an external magnetic field, while others behave like a magnet only when an external magnetic field is applied to them. To understand this, let's analyze the material at an atomic scale. We know that an atom consists of a nucleus surrounded by electrons that revolve around it. The electrons and nucleus also rotate about their own axis. We also know that the flow of charge indicates the flow of current. When a current flows through a circular coil, a magnetic moment is induced in the coil according to the right-hand thumb rule. In an atom, the rotation of the nucleus and the revolution and rotation of electrons indicate the flow of small currents within them. This flow of current induces magnetic moments. The resultant of all these magnetic moments gives the net magnetic moment of the atom. If all the magnetic moments induced in the material are in the same direction, then the material behaves like a magnet without the need for any external magnetic field. However, if all the magnetic moments induced in the material are in different directions, they cancel each other out and the resultant becomes zero. In such cases, the material does not behave like a magnet. To make such materials behave like a magnet, we need to apply an external magnetic field. Thus, we can say that the atomic origin of magnetism in any magnetic material can be explained by considering the magnetic moments of the spinning and revolving electrons, as well as the spinning nucleus. Mathematically, the magnetic moment due to the revolving electrons is given by [formula], the magnetic moment due to the spinning electrons is given by [formula], and the magnetic moment due to the...